> [!cite]- Metadata > 2025-09-30 01:26 > Status: #primary #book #cold > Lexicon: [[Behavioral Science & Psychology]] > Tags: [[Cognition]] [[Complexity]] [[Existentialism]] [[Identity]] [[Ideology]] [[Phenomenology]] [[Programming]] [[Psychology]] [[Semiotics]] [[Agency]] [[Archetype]] [[Behavior]] [[Dynamics]] [[Framework]] [[Metacognition]] [[Perception]] [[Systems]] [[Concept]] [[Prototype]] [[Question]] `Read Time: 3m 35s` > Charles Hampden-Turner (29 September 1934 in London, England) is a British management philosopher, and Senior Research Associate at the Judge Business School at the University of Cambridge since 1990. He is the creator of Dilemma Theory and co-founder and Director of Research and Development at the Trompenaars-Hampden-Turner Group, in Amsterdam. --- In a groundbreaking work of scholarship, Charles Hampden-Turner presents the first comprehensive attempt to collect, describe, and draw in map form the most important concepts of the human mind put forth by the worlds greatest writers, painters, philosophers, and psychologists. 8 Introduction How can that which knows, know itself? - This book brings together in visual form numerous ways in which the mind has been conceived. - If the human mind is to be conceived as a whole as well as parts, we need not just words to convey parts, but patterns, pictures and schemata to convey the whole. 10 Minds At Different Levels Level 1 Here the human mind is struggling to emancipate itself from servitude to gods, or the laws of Newtonian mechanism which claim mind as just one more response to a determined universe, or from scientists, those Puritan agents of the divine clockmaker. - Level 2 At the psychoanalytic and existential level attempts have been made to comprehend the mind in its deepest recesses and privacy where consciousness shades into preconsciousness and unconsciousness. This level is the one which underlies many differences in human thought and behavior. - Level 3 At the physiological level of brain functioning crucial discoveries have been made recently which profoundly affect our understanding of mind. These discoveries show that thought and behavior have a physiological and anatomical basis as well as a psychological one. 11 Minds At Different Levels Level 4 At the level of the creative mind the capacity to combine, recombine and reorganize received information and mental structures is explored, along with those syntheses which are more than the sum of their parts. The creative mind transcends mechanism. - Level 5 At the level of psychosocial development we study the mind as it learns from, and grows to encompass relationships with others and the environment. In this process earlier levels are subsumed - Level 6 At the level of communication, language and symbolic interaction we see mind in terms of the structures - linguistic, visual, emotional - that are the basis of mutual understanding. Language and communication are amongst the most highly developed human faculties and the analysis of them has revealed patterns and structures that appear to be common to people of widely different cultures. At this level the mind is seen to be reaching out from the nucleus that consists of the preceding five levels to extend its experience through contact with other minds. - Level 7 At the level of psychobiology mind is studied as a natural organism in terms of living systems and examined in the context of the environment. This is also the cybernetic level because any action of the organism will feedback to alter its balance and behavior. - Level 8 At the paradigmatic level mind is seen to include those a priori assumptions about the nature of human intelligence and its relationship to the universe. This is the level of psychology at which the self-consciousness of the proceeding levels is subjected to empirical study: which methods and which epistemologies reveal which facts and patterns? How does mind influence discoveries? - Level 9 At its most inclusive mind is seen as inhering in the structure of myth, institutions and cultures. Culture consists of sharing mythic patterns, for meaning requires that we complete a picture whether we are certain of its final form or not. Culture is then mind writ large which shapes us unawares unless we develop the understanding to shape culture. 12 Psyche and Polycentrism We get the word psychology from psyche and logos. Psyche means neither brains nor ego, but soul; psychology is this the logic of the soul and it is this original vision of mind that this book pursues. --- ### **References**